Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

For import substitution of table grapes in our country, it is especially important to introduce the new large-berry varieties from early to late ripening, providing a continuous grapes conveyor for harvesting. The search for new donors, the selection of effective combinations of crossing, ensuring the receiving of elegant table varieties is an urgent task in the breeding of grapes. In this study, there were 14 initial forms of grapes and a hybrid fund of 3704 seedlings of 40 combinations of crosses. It has been shown that Flora x Nakhodka Mariuopolya (28.4 %), Flora x Richelieu (43.9 %), Podarok Zaporozhye [Talisman x (V-70-90 + R-65)] x Richelieu (63.9 %) have the highest breeding value by maturity date. The use of the genetic conformity of dark color dominance over the lighter color led to the creation of populations with a sufficiently high breeding value � from 23 to 100 %. The highest breeding value on the sum of signs is noted for the combination of Podarok Zaporozhye x Richelieu (252.9). Highly valuable crosses are selected, which allow to select the most promising parent pairs. There are the Flamingo x Arcadia, the Podarok Zaporozhye x Richelieu, Flora x Nakhodka Mariupolya. A model of the table grape variety is developed according to the maturation period, which includes the main features that determine the phenotypic elegance of table grape genotypes: the mass of berries; mass of bunches; form of berries; coloring of berries. The creation of domestic grape varieties that are competitive on the world market was the result of scientific cooperation. These varieties have gained a high reputation among the vine growers and they are widely spread in Russia and Ukraine.