Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Mayevskaya Mariya
Federal State Budget Institution of Science "Russian National Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" Magarach " RAS"
Articles in journal: (total 1)
The paper analyzes the temperature conditions limiting the industrial grapes formation on the territory of the Crimean peninsula. Research covers soil and climatic indices, such as: soil type, the sum of active temperatures and average mean of the absolute air temperature minima, as well as grape varieties of various ripening periods. With the help of the geographic information software ArcGis, a digital complex multiple factor cartographic spatial distribution model of the main agroecological factors limiting the industrial viticulture has been developed. The territory under study was classified as to the appropriateness of its agroecological factors for cultivation of various groups of grape varieties. Based on the classification of the cultivation appropriateness for different groups of grape varieties, the territory of the Crimean peninsula was divided into 14 ecotopes with indication of the area distribution (13 by climatic characteristics and 1 by unfavorable soil conditions). Guided by the principle of guaranteed high quality harvests, the recommendations were developed on the varietal composition of grapes for each ecotope. The obtained data demonstrated that the territory of the Southern coast of Crimea and the coastal zones of the western and eastern parts of the peninsula (the first and second ecotopes) were the most favourable regions in terms of heat supply and frost hazard for cultivation of industrial grapes. These findings make it possible to recom-mend the cultivation of grape varieties from the very early to late ripening period that are characterized by weak, medium and high frost resistance. Industrial grapes cultivation on the territory of the thirteenth and fourteenth ecotopes is not cost-efficient. The terrain of the thirteenth ecotope is not suitable for the development of grapes due to unfavorable temperature conditions. In the area of the fourteenth ecotope, unfavorable soil conditions have developed limiting the effective cultivation of grapes.