Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

To improve the organic nutrition of a grape plant in in vitro culture, studies were conducted on the effect of sucrose on the development of test-tube plants. Despite the fact that sucrose is the most commonly used and sufficiently studied source of carbon in in vitro nutrient media, at this stage of the study, it was necessary to clarify and compare the response of specific model varieties to various concentrations of sucrose, and also to obtain, at the end of the experiment, a sufficient number of microplants for further stages of research. Two varieties with diametrically opposite characteristics of development in in vitro culture were taken for the study. The Sibirkovyi variety was chosen as one of the fastest growing and, accordingly, the fastest aging (in vitro culture) varieties, and Krasnostop Karpi is one of the slowest developing varieties in in vitro culture. In addition, these varieties also differ genetically. Sucrose concentrations from 0 to 40 g/L were used in the experiment. The varietal reaction of model varieties in the experiment with different concentrations of sucrose in the nutrient medium showed both general patterns and minor differences. For the Sibirkovyi variety, the optimal concentrations for the development of most indicators of microplants were in the range from 5 to 20 g/l, and for the Krasnostop Karpi variety � 5-10 g/l. There was a clear tendency to decrease the root length index with a decrease in sucrose concentration below and an increase above 30.0 g/l in both varieties. The best indicators of development and preservation in a year were noted in the variant where sucrose was not used at all, the variant with the lowest concentration of sucrose, 5.0 g/l, was slightly inferior to it. At the same time, at high concentrations, despite the worse preservation, a slowdown in the growth processes of the shoot and its maturation in some plants were noted.