Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Studies of the economy of viticulture of the Rostov region were carried out as part of a program of research work on the creation of grape varieties with improved economic and valuable features and improving methods for assessing the economic efficiency of new grape varieties. Analysis of the dynamics of vineyard areas made it possible to establish that in 2000-2020 they decreased by 27.6% and vineyards occupy 4.2 thousand hectares, of which 76.2 % of the vineyard area in fruiting age. 56.3 % of the total area of fruiting vineyards, is occupied by classical European varieties 8.9 % � autochthonous, 34.8 % � varieties of Russian and foreign scientific centers of viticulture breeding, including ARRIV&W named after Y.I. Potapenko breeding � 18.74%. The data of the study of sales of planting material indicate that in 2018-2020, the share of varieties of ARRIV&W � a branch of FGBNU FRANZ breeding in the total sales of grafting seedlings was 5.19 %, root seedlings of the 1st grade � 83.91 %, root seedlings of the 2nd grade � 70.77 %. It was caused by the state of the viticulture economy, the orientation of regional wineries to autochthonous grape varieties in the production of wines, the financial situation of enterprises and farms, wine producers. The data of forecast calculations indicate a high probability of reducing the area of vineyards in the Rostov region by 2025 compared to 2021 by 1.7-4.74 %, in 2028 � by 2.9-8.6 %. To preserve the vineyard area at the level of 4200-4300 hectares, it is necessary to annually lay new vineyards on an area of 122-169 hectares. This will require 291.4-455.9 thousand grape seedlings. It is also necessary to increase the budget financing of the industry to 86.7-89.0 million rubles per year.