Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

As a result of study of a nutritious mode of dwarf fructifying plum of Stenley variety the influence of system of application of fertilizers and biologically active substances on productivity of plants in the Krasnodar region conditions is established.

Annotation

The purpose of research is development of scientific based system of processing methods of plum cultivation with steady big harvest on different rootstocks for intensive technologies that is the important instrument of import substitution; selection of optimal systems of crown formation for the concrete scion-rootstock's combinations that allows you to reduce the labor input of works, this system reduces the costs of harvesting and positively influences on the maximal realization of biological potential of plants. For conditions of the South of Russia the system of effective processing methods of industrial plum production on weak growing and middle growing rootstocks within the implementation of the Doctrine of food security of Russia is developed and approved. In research the rootstocks which are the most demanded in the South of Russia, including the new domestic breeding clonal rootstocks of BS-2 (VIR Krymsk station) and PKG-25-1 (NCRRIH&V) are used. In the course of four years' work the most rational parameters are determined and also the system of crown formation of trees of various growth force providing the optimization of physiological condition of plants. The responsiveness of various scion-rootstock's plum combinations of Stenly on intra soil and leaf top dressing is studied, the scheme of measures for protection of plants against vermins and diseases is offered. Efficiency of the offered system of processing methods is confirmed with increase in productivity of plantings on average for 2,7-4,4%, in comparison with the production technological scheme of plum cultivation accepted in the economy; decrease in prime cost of a unit of production by 2,6-6,7%; decrease in technogenic impact on the soil by 10-15%; receiving considerable additional profit (from 72,4 to 89,9 thousand rubles/hectare); increase in profitability of fruits production (for 7,73-12,9 %).