Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

It is shown that the system of machines, applied now, on many positions doesnt coincide with a demanded complex of machines for the long-term fruit plantings and vinegrapes, especially with a perspective system of machines. The many factors influence on the state, level and prospect of mechanization development of fruit growing and wine growing: land relief, size of plantings, schemes of plants landings. The characteristics of modern and perspective machines for cultivation and harvesting of long-term plantings (fruits and grapes) are submitted on the results of studying of technological prosess of machine working. The defects of operating system of machines � the lack of the domestic machines for landing and cutting, beveling, defoliation, etc. of perennial plants, are noted. Existing power means dont meet the modern requirements of perspective production technologies of fruits and grapes, and the requirements for energy saving and ecology. There is a conclusion that it is necessary to develop the domestic machines for mechanization of the most labor-intensive processes of landing, cutting, defoliation of plants, and beveling of herbs in the row-spacings. So it is necessary to introduce more in the production the limit applied diskators of type BDM-25x2 and reconstructed OP-2000 sprayers, with prospect of their replacement of more perfect types, for example "NARDI" (Denmark). The addresses of producers and dealers of mechanization means are given in the article.