Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Phenolic substances of plant origin possess a wide range of biological activity and low toxicity. These peculiariles of phenolic substances make them the high important in a food of the persons. The purpose of our research consisted in definition of the main groups of polyphenolic substances and antioxidant activity of extracts from various parts of vines. The grapes juice, the aqueous-alcoholic extracts of grapes berry skin and vine of Rkatsiteli and Cabernet Sauvignon were used for analysis. For the analysis of qualitative and quantitative structure of polyphenolic substances a chromatographic method with use of the Shimadzu LC 20 Prominence chromatograph was used. The research data of qualitative and quantitative composition of polyphenolic compounds of grapes juice and aqueous-alcoholic extracts from berries and vine of the studied varieties are presented in the article. The analysis of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of juice, extracts of berry skin and vine of Rkatsiteli and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes varieties allowed to identify 22 and 33 phenolic components as a part of experimental samples. It is established that aqueous-alcoholic extracts of berries skin of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes possess the highest antioxidant activity in comparison with other products. Their values exceed by 3 times the level of the specified indicators of Rkatsiteli grapes. The high values of antioxidant activity are established as well as in the extracts of vine of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, exceeding a similar indicator of Rkatsiteli grapes by 6,7 times. It is shown that aqueous-alcoholic extract of berry skin of Cabernet Sauvignon possesses by a high technological reserve of polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity and it determines the expediency of its use for increase of biological value of products.