Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The results of long-term research of the Nikita Botanical Garden's apricot genofond are presented. It is selected 43 comprehensive sources of economic-biological signs (winter resistance, frost resistance of generative buds, drought resistance, late flowering, yield capacity, large-fruited, good taste and elegant in coloring, low sensibility to Monilia cinerea Bon. and Closterosporium carpophilum (Lev.) Aderh., the applicable for the production of canned products, self-fertility, early and late terms of ripening fruit) perspective for use in apricot breeding. It was selected the promising introducers- sources of trait of early ripening fruit: Vardaguyn Vagdaas, Dima Beketovsky, Shalah from the Iran-Caucasian; Mamuri, Kok Pshar from Central Asian; May-He-Sin and Yuan Sin from China's eco-geographical groups. Among genotypes of selection of NBG there are some with very early ripening of fruits: Gulistan, Dionis, Zorkiy, Lyuchak Gvardeiskiy, Pasyinok, Salute, Edem and others. To create varieties with late ripening fruits interest are Aresh Sanagyan and Nukul Citrony of the Iran-Caucasian, Kech-Pshar of Central Asian; 80 / 22-1 from the European groups and Da-Huan-Hou from China. Among the varieties of selection of NBG such signs have Iskorka Tavridy and Vyinoslivy. Valuable sources of late flowering and increased hardiness are Zard and Kok- Pshar of the Central Asian group, Da-Huan-Hou - a variety from China and Zapozdaly, Ladoga, Stepnyak, Naryadny, Pretendent � the varieties of NBG breeding. The sources of self-fertility trait are the sorts of NBG breeding � Ananasny Cyurupinskiy, Vyinoslivyiy, Iskorka Tavridy, Kryimskiy Amur, Letchik, Kostinskiy, Strepet, Forum. It was established that the creation of productive, highly adaptive, large-fruited varieties with high-quality of fruits, the most effective is to involve into hybridization of genotypes from the European, Irano-Caucasian and Central Asian ecological-geographical groups. It was selected 15 new varieties (Altair, Alyans, Autok, Gamlet, Divny, Dionis, Iskorka Tavridy, Krokus, Koster, Kostinskiy, Magistr, Naslazhdenie, Pamyaty Ageevoy, Yuzhanin, Yaltinets) for industrial introduction, 14 of which are included n the Register of Selection Achievements of Russia.