Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Bulaeva Julia
National Scientific Center Institute of Viticulture and Wine-making named after V.E. Tairov
Articles in journal: (total 2)
A comprehensive ampeloekological classification of land Northern Black Sea region, which consists of seven taxonomic levels is developed. The criteria for this ampeloekological land classification are quantified key environmental factors (climate, geomorphology, soil), depending on which is determined by the total area suitable for growing grapes, the relevant group of varieties of frost, warmth necessity, force of growth, vigor class stock, and also the method of development territory sets
In the last ten years the tendency of reduction of the area of grapes plantings in the Northern Black Sea Coast of Ukraine is observed. One of the reasons of such condition of viticulture is lack of scientific justification at the solution of questions of grapes planting placement. The object of our research is the viticulture and wine-making enterprises of Odessa Region. The expeditionary examinations of grapes plantings of the agricultural enterprises were conducted. The state of viticulture and wine-making production of Ukraine for the last five years (2009-2013) is also studied using the data of State statistics service. The methods of mathematical statistics are used in the work. The state of grapes plantings of Odessa Region is analysed using the indicators of total plantings area of the agricultural enterprises and total yield capacity and productivity, etc. The sharp reduction of the areas in the Ukraine is shown: the area of plantings of table grapes varieties was reduced by 5 thousand hectares (20%), the area of technical varieties was reduced almost by 100 thousand hectare (50%). The total area of grapes plantings of the agricultural enterprises for the last five years was reduced in the Ukraine by 16,4 thousand hectares, including the area of the fructifying plantings decreased by 4,0 thousand hectares. The indicator of total yield capacity of the agricultural enterprises in 2013 increased by 74,1 thousand tons in comparison with an indicator of 2009. At all categories of farms the total yield capacity increased by 106,7 thousand tons. Also the productivity of vineyards increases: in 2013 in the agricultural enterprises it was 70,9 c/hectare (17,6 c/hectare more, than in 2009), and in the farms of all categories it increased on 19,8 c/hectare. The best condition of plantings is noted in the farms of Belgorod-Dniester, Bolgradsky and Ismail areas, the share of perspective plantings in these areas reaches 80%.