Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The development of fruit growing at the present stage largely depends on the degree of consideration of ecological and climatic conditions in the process of fruit plants cultivation. The success of the cultivation of fruit crops, including apricots, is mainly influenced by climatic and, first of all, meteorological conditions of the winter-spring period. The analysis of the state of land, natural resources, agrometeorological conditions in relation to a particular culture, taking into account a large number of factors in their relationship and influence is carried out. According to long-term data, in April in the Foothill zone of the KBR, negative temperatures are often observed, especially in the last 10 years. During the period of growth and development of plants (May - early June) and active growth of shoots (June), high temperatures and insufficient moisture supply are stressful, the amplitude of fluctuations in recent years has shown a growing trend. Abnormal temperature jumps, Both in the positive direction and in the negative direction, increase over the years (periods of abnormal weather increase). Apricot is considered the most drought-resistant crop and grows successfully in the zone of unstable moisture and can be cultivated without irrigation. It is noted that excess water in the soil is also harmful to fruit plants, as well as its lack. It has been established that excess moisture in the soil has a more negative effect on plant development than lack of moisture. A systematic analysis of the biological characteristics of apricot and other characteristics (especially yield) with the requirements for environmental conditions and the realities of emerging agrometeorological conditions are shown in this paper by fragments of the matrix correlation.