Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In the article the data on long-term breeding work with vinegrapes carried out in FSBRI "Orenburg ESH&V ARSTIH&N" are presented. Climatic conditions of the Pre-Ural steppe allow us to grow up the grapes of different varieties with high consumer properties and they are unique for a variety's study and grapes breeding. The primary study of a collection of grapes varieties of various ecological-geographical origin during the long period (more than 50 years) has shown that not all introduced varieties can realize completely the biological potential. It has been confirmed the need carrying out of breeding work for creation of the local varieties adapted to conditions of cultivation. An object of research is an ampelographic grapes collection of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture. Research were carried out by the standard techniques in wine growing. The thorough study of a genetic collection's forms is a basis for the breeding work that allows you to intensify the creation of adaptive and highly productive varieties. Special attention in a breeding process is spared to indicators of fruits quality and productivity. From a collection of the introduced variety and forms of grapes on a complex of productivite and its components, marketability and biochemical composition under the conditions of the Pre-Urals steppe the varieties of Osoby, Belorozovy, Augustine, Ranniy Magaracha, Tsimlodar, Agathe Donskoy, Kodryanka, Pamyat Dombkovskoy, Alyoshenkin Dar were selected. As a result of breeding work the new grapes varieties for conditions of the Pre-Urals steppe - Aleshenkin Dar, Pamyat Dombkovskoy, Podarok Shatilova (15-03-1) are received. The research conducted by us have shown that grapes of Orenburg ESH&V breeding have a high adaptation ability to conditions of vegetation and resistance to temperature stresses and deficit of moisture.