Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The aim of this work was the development of new methodological approaches for the integrated assessment of thuya varieties. A new scale for the estimation of adaptive and decorative features is presented on the example of introduced varieties of the Thuja L. genus. The results of a complex assessment of two species representatives are presented: Thuja occidentalis L. � Brabant, Degroots Spire, Malonyana, Mini Smaragd, Brobeck's Tower, Litomysl, Smaragd Variegata; Thuja plicata L. � varieties of Zebrina, Atrovirens, Can-Can, Dura. The assessment made it possible to develop an evaluation scale, that includes the signs of adaptability � winter hardiness, drought resistance, disease resistance, wind resistance, as well as decorative features � crown architecture, crown coloring in summer and winter, needle aroma, maximum decorative period. Each sign was assessed on a 5-point scale, where 1 point is the minimum value, 5 points is the maximum value of the characteristic. When calculating the total mark, each mark obtained for a particular sign was indexed by means of a transfer coefficient of significance (P), the value of which was determined by the duration of each characteristic action. Taking into account the new methodological approaches, in the Southern Region an evaluation scale of the characteristics of introduced thuya varieties is suggested � resistance to abiotic and biotic factors of the environment and decorativity, which can be used to estimate the other coniferous plants. The results obtained made it possible to select the groups of thuya varieties: highly decorative (80-95 points) � Degroots Spire, Mini Smaragd, Atrovirens, Dura; decorative (65-79 points) � Brabant, Can-Can, Smaragd Variegata, Brobeck's Tower, Malonyana. The selected thuya varieties are recommended for landscape gardening in the Krasnodar Territory.

Annotation

The article presents the results of studying of the Kupresocyparis Leuland varieties in the conditions of the Kuban zone of horticulture of the Krasnodar Territory for the main adaptive features: winter hardiness, drought resistance and resistance to dominant diseases. An estimation of decorative attributes of varieties is carried out. The purpose of the research is to identify the most adaptive and maximally decorative Cupressocyparis Leylandii varieties under the conditions of increasing in abiotic and biotic stresses and to expand on their basis a modern assortment of evergreen plants for gardening and creating hedges and topiary forms in the conditions of the South of Russia. The results of a comprehensive assessment of the introduced varieties of Cupressocyparis Leylandii: Leightons Green, Variegata, Gold Rider, Castlewellan Gold, 2001, Blue Jeans are presented. It is established that the decorative indexes of plants are determined by varieties specificity, especially relative resistance to diseases and pests to specific conditions of growth. Of the 5 varieties studied by us, the most adaptive, combining resistance to temperature stresses (drought-resistant, winter-hardy), major diseases and pests with high decorative signs (architectonics of the crown, color of the fir-needles, vitality, long decorative period) are distinguished from 5 varieties. These are the Leuson Green, Variegata, and Gold Rider varieties. The selected varieties for a set of valuable attributes, are classified as well adapted to the weather and climatic conditions of the Region and highly ornamental plant groups, recommended for widespread use in the landscapes for creating hedges and topiary forms in the conditions of the South of Russia.

Annotation

The results of studying the collection of foreign ornamental varieties of chaenomeles (Chaenomeles Lindl.) of two species are presented: Ch. speciosa (Sweet) Nakai and Ch. japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. et Spach. and two hybrid groups: Ch.×superba (Frahm) Rehder., Ch.× californica W. Clarke ex C. Weber, preserved at the Krymsk EBS � branch of VIR, and in a private collection in the Republic of Adygea. Valuable physiological features were determined: the timing, degree and duration of the flowering period in the conditions of the northwestern piedmont of the Main Caucasian Range. The characteristics of 25 varieties of chaenomeles are given in terms of color, diameter and degree of doubleness of the flower, parameters of the bush, characterizing the decorativeness of its plants, which will expand the range of flowering shrubs for landscaping city parks and squares. Four varieties with the largest double flowers (53 to 65 mm in diameter) were identified: Kinshiden, Scarlet Storm, Mango Storm, Pink Storm, and two varieties with a high degree of doubleness � Pink Storm and Orange Storm, the flowers of which have more than 30 petals. A clear palette of corolla color of the studied varieties was determined: from white to dark red with various shades, including pink and orange. According to the habit of the bush, the varieties are divided into three groups: eight varieties are tall (above 150 cm), three are low-growing (100 cm on average) and the remaining 14 are medium-sized. It has been established that all the studied varieties are suitable for wide use in landscape construction in the Kuban. As sources for targeted breeding programs, varieties with the highest decorative effect � a large double flower of various colors are recommended: Kinshiden, Jet Trail, Wakaba and varieties of the Storm group.