Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Kostenko Marina Gennadievna
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Pricaspiisky Research Institute of Arid farming
Articles in journal: (total 1)
Scientific-based use of the best varietyrootstock combinations of fruit crops is the one of the defining factors for improving the efficiency of gardening in the implementation of the import substitution strategy. Within the framework of the Agreement for creative cooperation, in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Caspian Agricultural Federal scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences the pple rootstocks NC (North Caucasus) series of the North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making, providing high adaptability and productivity of grafted trees of various apple varieties are tested. The article presents the results of the third stage of the study of the different growth vigor apple rootstocks NC (North Caucasus) series. The research was carried out in 20152019 at the experimental plot of the fruit garden of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Caspian agricultural Federal scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the orchards of 2011 planting. The purpose of the research is to study and select the apple varietyrootstock combinations that the most fully realize the production potential under the arid conditions. It was found that the rate of fruitfulness of all varieties was most affected by dwarf rootstocks of 3 and 4, the trees on which bloomed and formed the fruits in the first or second year after planting. Under the arid conditions of the Astrakhan Region, the greatest biometric parameters were found for the next varieties: Renet Simirenko in combination with all rootstocks, and Idared on medium-sized rootstocks. Idared and Melba varieties were characterized by more restrained growth in combination with the dwarf rootstocks and semi-dwarf 2. The maximum indexes of average yield in the first five years of commodity fruiting was obtained in the Renet Simirenko variety on dwarf rootstocks of 3, 4 (37.4...33.6 t / ha) and Idared on 1, 4 (32.8...46.3 t/ha).