Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

It is present the results of the study of the content of macroand micronutrients in apricot fruits of Krasnoschekiy, Uzden, Uncukulskiy pozdniy, Honobah and Shalakh varieties, grown in the unique natural conditions of Dagestan � on the plain, in the foothills and in the mountain river valley. The purpose of the research is to determine the varieties of apricots that are most capable to synthesize the valuable components of the chemical composition in fruits and to identify fruit zones of the ecological optimum for their cultivation in Daghestan. The elemental composition of apricot fruits was studied by flame and atomic absorption photometry, the content of sugars, titrated acids, pectins and vitamin C � titrimetric, phenols and vitamin P � colorimetric. The detected differences in the chemical composition, depending on the genetics of the apricot variety, made it possible to objectively assess their nutritional merits. The local variety of Honobah held the championship in the mass concentration of sugars (12.5 g/100 cm3 ), ascorbic acid (29.3 mg %) and vitamin P (71.7 mg %). The best ability to accumulate titrated acids (1.91%) and pectin substances (1.03%) was distinguished by the Uncukulskiy Pozdniy variety. A significant amount of phenolic substances (123.7 mg%) was determined in the Uzden variety. The introduced variety of Shalah showed the best ability to accumulate almost all mineral substances identified in the fruits. It was revealed that on the plain the natural factors cause a high concentration in apricots of sugars � 8.7-12.5 g/100 cm3 and minerals: potassium (258.9- 377.5 mg%), calcium (28.2-42.8 mg%), sodium (30.3-54.7 mg %), magnesium (39.3-61.4 mg %) and iodine (0.7-1.2 μg%). In the foothills and mountain-valley area the conditions are more favorable for the synthesis of vitamins C and P � 13.9-29.3; 49.3-71.7 mg %, titrated acids � 1.29-1.91%, pectins � 0.68-1.03 %, phenolic substances � 79.5-123.7 mg %, high concentration of trace elements: zinc (47.8-77.3 μg%), copper (106.1-146.0 μg%) and iron 399.7-568.1μg%). Such studies are important for the effective use of the resource potential of fruit zones located at different altitudes above sea level and for the production of new products from apricots with high concentrations of macroand micronutrients.