Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Plum fruits are valued for their high content of nutrients, harmonious taste and processing properties. The purpose of the research is to carry out a comparative assessment of the biochemical composition of domestic plum fruits to identify the assortment with high taste qualities when cultivated in the Voronezh region. Samples for studying the qualitative characteristics of six varieties of domestic plum were obtained in a pomological garden located on the territory of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education �Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I� in 2018-2020. The Voronezhskaya Kompotnaya and Pamyat Timiryazeva varieties have been identified as varieties with the maximum mass of fruits, pulp and a small stone. The highest sugar content and the optimal sugar-to-acid ratio were noted in the varieties Utro (control), Voronezhskaya kompotnaya, Pamyat Timiryazeva, Universalnaya, Bolkhovchanka. The maximum dry matter content was determined in the Universalnaya and Vengerka Voronezhskaya varieties, in terms of the content of ascorbic acid, the indicators in the Bolkhovchanka (5.8 mg/100g) and Voronezhskaya kompotnaya (3.1 mg/100g) varieties were higher. The highest calcium content was noted in the fruits of the Vengerka Voronezhskaya (0.07 %) and Universalnaya (0.09 %) varieties, and the lowest in the control variety Utro (0.01 %) and Pamyat Timiryazeva (0.02 %), Voronezhskaya kompotnaya (0.03 %) varieties. The potassium content of the studied varieties was in the range of 0.1 ... 0.2 %. The phosphorus content, depending on the variety, varied slightly and ranged from 0.01-0.03 %, nitrogen � from 0.09 % to 0.1 %.