Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The main results of scientific research of the Krasnodar research Institute of storage and processing of agricultural products � branch of the FSBSI �North Caucasian Federal scientific center of horticulture, viticulture, winemaking�, obtained in 2023 by scientists of the Institute in the implementation of the State order in 4 areas of scientific research, as well as data reflected the publication fecundity and patent activity. Research work was carried out in accordance with the PFSR in the Russian Federation for a long-term period (2021-2030) in the direction: 4.4.1 Storage and processing of agricultural products. Ensuring the priorities of the PFSR in the Russian Federation for the long term (2021-2030) provides for the need to conduct scientific research, the purpose of which is to develop algorithms for predicting the properties of biologically active substances based on molecular modeling methods, to identify patterns of controlled transformation of dietary fiber complexes, phospholipids and carotenoids using biotechnological and physico-chemical methods and, based on the identified patterns, to develop technologies for the production of beet pectin, modified phospholipids, lycopene and beta-carotene, as well as scientific research, aimed at identifying the mechanisms of microbiological, physiological, physico-chemical and biotechnological processes occurring in preparation for storage, storage and processing of vegetables (zucchini, eggplant, carrots and beets, tomatoes, leafy and cabbage vegetables), fruits (apples, grapes), for the development of resource-saving storage technologies based on the identified patterns. The results of scientific research have been published in 35 scientific articles, among them 11 articles in journals included in the core of the RSCI, in journals included in the list of the Higher Attestation Commission under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation � 9 articles, in journals indexed in the international information and analytical citation systems Scopus � 3 articles, in materials and collections of scientific and practical conferences � 12 articles. 1 methodological recommendations have been published. Comprehensive score of publication performance: plan � 9.6, fact � 14.4. According to the results of the scientific research carried out, 6 patents of the Russian Federation for inventions were obtained and 2 certificates for computer programs, as well as 6 applications for alleged inventions were submitted to the FIIP.

Annotation

As known, tomatoes contain a fairly large amount of biologically valuable substances in their composition. Consumers prefer tomatoes in fresh form. However, being a climacteric crop, tomatoes differ during storage and maturation by a high rate of respiration and evaporation of moisture, which leads to a decrease in valuable nutrients, deterioration in quality, over-ripening and rapid aging, which as a result reduces the marketable appearance of products. Traditional methods of processing tomatoes before storage are not always effective enough to maintain the quality of tomato fruits at the proper level, since it is not always possible to store tomatoes at the recommended low temperature, the necessary relative humidity, etc. In order to increase the storage time of tomatoes while maintaining their quality and safety, it is necessary to search for new modern methods of fruit processing before storage. In this regard, an overview of existing traditional technologies, as well as modern and promising techniques and methods for preparing fresh tomatoes for storage, contributing to the reduction of quantitative losses, preserving qualitative characteristics, is carried out. The most promising methods of preliminary preparation of tomatoes for storage, providing a high level of physical-chemical, organoleptic and microbiological indicators that ensure the safety of stored products are: treatment with ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors and ethylene absorbers, ozonation, modified gas atmosphere, electric field and ultrasound treatment, the use of biological products, the use of active packaging, antimicrobial film-forming coatings, etc. The article describes the work of both domestic and foreign researchers.