Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The comparative assessment of the fruit quality of 9 immune to scab apple varieties at the beginning and end of storage in two modes (+2 � C and -1 � C) is presented. Biochemical composition of fruits was studied. The degree of affection with various fruits microbiological and physiological diseases during storage is shown. Genotypic (varietal) stability of new varieties of apple fruit to disease is revealed. It was established that different genotypic groups require selection of storage temperature

Annotation

The results of the study of changes in normalized losses from the natural loss of fruit weight (NLW) during the storage of new scab immune columnar apple varie-ties of VNIISPK breeding at a temperature regime +2 ºC are presented in comparison with the �Norms of natural loss of fresh potatoes, vegetables and fruits during long-term storage at bases and warehouses of different types for the second climatic group�. Five varieties were studied. The variety Antonovka Obyknovennaya was taken as a control. The study revealed that the lowest losses from NLW were in the fruits of the Poezia variety � 0,0299 % per day and 0,8960 % for 30 days of storage, while the total duration of storage was the least � 102 days and the registration period of fruit weight loss was 88 days. The greatest losses were recorded in the fruits of the Zvezda Efira variety � 0,0397 % per day and 1,1910 % for 30 days of storage, but the duration of their storage was the longest � 144 days and 129 days of the registration period of fruit weight loss. Guided by the �Norms of natural weight loss� for apple fruit of winter varieties when they were stored for a long time in the rooms with artificial cooling in the Orel region (the second climatic group), it can be stated that NLW in immune columnar varieties goes beyond this norm. The average �normative� indicators for September-December are 2,0 %, while the indicators of the studied varieties were in the range from 2,6 to 5,0 %. It is prematurely to talk about the instability of the studied group of the varieties to NLW during storage taking into consideration the insufficiency of the studied indicators. It is necessary to continue the studies using other storage regimes. It is noted that with increasing periods of fruit storage increase in the losses from NLW.