Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

�he achievements of scientists in the field of plant mineral nutrition for long period, as well as the problems are not solved at present, and perspective for their solution in horticulture Russia are presented.

Annotation

Under the conditions of the Tambov and the Lipetsk areas the influence of fertigation on apple-tree productivity and distribution of available phosphorus in the soil are investigated. The features of migration of available phosphorus in the apple-tree plantings of different varieties on soil layers of 0-20, 21-40, 41-60 and 61-80 cm are established: directly under a dropper, between the droppers in a row and at distance of 30 and 60 cm towards the center of a row-spacing. It is shown that a drop irrigation affects on the distribution of available phosphorus on the soil layers. Phosphorus is washed away from the upper horizons, especially under a dropper, and it distributes on all depth of root layer. It makes phosphorus more available for apple-tree plants. It is established that the fertigation provided the higher level of the content of available phosphorus in the soil, than in control, and also other distribution of it on layers of soil that promoted the increase of plants productivity. Under the conditions of fertigation the horizontal migration of phosphorus on distance of 30-60 cm as in the direction of a row, and so in direction of row-spacings, and the descending migration of phosphorus in the layers of 41-60 and 61-80 cm is noted. The content of phosphorus in these soil layers was much higher, than in the control. It is noted that in the plantings with a high density of landing the regime of plants nutrition is optimized and so the productivity of apple trees increases. In our experiences the increasing productivity at the intensive apple-tree of Imrus PB-9 was about 60 % and - 77-98% for Lobo variety, and 24-46% for Spartan apple-tree.

Annotation

Results of research of foliar fertilizing influence on a functional condition of an apple-tree plants in the conditions of the Central Chernozem zone and the south of Russia are presented.