Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Ecological protection was gained the development as the direction of integrated protection of fruit plants. Ecological protection foresees the use of the less ecologically dangerous means of protection, the moderate use of biologically active agents is sometimes possible also. The concept of ecological protection for industrial apple-tree gardens of the Southern Region of Russian Federation is developed by E.S. Sugonyaev. This concept is adapted for conditions of the southern region and it allows to receive fruits crop of commodity quality without use of chemical organic-synthetic pesticides of a wide range of action. Various approaches and methods of ecological protection of apple-tree gardens were tested in our research in the field experiments conducted in the gardens of intensive type of the Experimental farm "Kuban" of the Kuban State Agrarian University in 2007-2013. During carrying out of the program of ecological management (PEM) the main attention was paid to value of alternation of preparations and methods with various or similar properties. The application of compositions of bioregulators and biological products in the tank mixes is the basis of PEM. It is established that the application of ecologically low dangerous means of apple-tree protection promotes the activity of regulation of harmful insect's species at the biocenosis. The conducted experiments to stabilize of ecosystem of apple-tree garden showed that 3-4 treatments by regulator's growth and development of insects in composition with biological preparations provide the protection of fruits crop against codling moth. The conclusion follows that the application in the apple-tree gardens of low toxic biological preparations, and also regulators of growth and development of insects, leads to increase of biological diversity of entomologic fauna and it promotes the stabilization of an agric system and the activity of natural regulation of number of harmful species of insects.