Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Lapshin Vadim
Articles in journal: (total 13)
This paper presents the results of the varieties evaluation on the berry average mass in the collection of berry crops of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW. The collection of strawberry includes 139 varieties, red currant – 21, black currant – 20, gooseberry – 26 varieties. The varieties of collections have the different ecological-geographical origin. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the berry crops varieties of collection on the berry size. The generally accepted in Russia methods of breeding were used in this work. Study have shown that from the 139 strawberry varieties in the collection, 7 varieties have very small berries, 32 varieties – small berries, 76 varieties – medium-sized berries, 23 varieties – large berries and one variety named by Primella has very large berries. Among the 21 varieties of red currant, a very small berry is noted for the Nenaglyadnaya, large berries – for the Detvan variety, middle berries – for the Asia, Tatran, Dar Orla, Belka, Rozovoe Schastie, Yonker van Tets, the other 12 varieties of red currant are distinguished by small berries. Five black currant varieties have small berries, 3 – large berries (Dar Smolyaninovoy, Partizanka Bryanskaya, Slastena) and 12 varieties have the medium size of berries. Analysis of 26 varieties from gooseberry collection has showed that the largest berry size is noted for the Kubanets variety of NCRRIHV breeding. The most part of the gooseberry varieties in the collection (21 varieties) has the small berries. In our research, the eval-uation of the varieties from the berry crops collection on the berry size showed the need to replenish the gene pool of berry crops by new varieties with large berries and to select the varieties with big berry size.
Òhe results of assessment of remontant blossoming of eight strawberry hybrid combinations are presented. One strawberry variety is allocated as a donor of the trait studied and one variety – as the source of that trait.
The results of estimation of 77 strawberry hybrid families on the signs of productivity, large-fruited, remontant and resistance to spotting are presented in the article. Varieties – donors and perspective combinations of crossing on discounted characteristics are identified
Many varieties of strawberry imported into Krasnodar region doesnt conform to the modern requirements to varieties, therefore the timely assessment of varieties on the major economic and valuable traits is necessary for their further production. It is the purpose of our work. 11 introduced varieties of strawberry on indicators of productivity and large-fruited were studied, the assessment of density of berries is carried out for 9 varieties. For carrying out of research the standard programs and techniques of Russia were used. The qualitative characteristic of berries including average weight, form, appearance, tastes quality was estimated. It is established that the average mass of strawberrys berries of the introduced varieties in the Krasnodar region doesnt reach to European standards (25 g). Florence, Molling Pandora and Irma varieties are the most large-fruited. The average mass of berries varied from 16,8 to 17,3 g. Alba and Florence varieties have the most berries dense of strawberry. High attractiveness of berries appearance is noted at Alba, Roxana and Florence varieties. Roxana, Florence. Onda and Irma varieties were the best by the results of general tasting assessment of berries. Florence is the only strawberrys variety which on all studied traits was included into group with the highest rates of indicators.
The selection of genetic donors and sources of economically-valuable traits gives an opportunity to pick up the valuable varieties to engage them in further breeding process. In the hybridization of garden strawberry you must enable the parental forms with a high level of productivity, product quality of berries and flowers decorative properties. Currently the breeding research in the study of genetic control of pink colour trait of strawberry flower are using the genotypic diversity within species Fragaria × ananassa Duch. Our research object is the first generation F1 seedlings received as result of hybridization of Belrubi × F1 C-141. The programs and existing methods of breeding of fruit, berry and nut crops are used in this work. For the statistic processing of the material the biometric methods are used. In 2014, the first phase of work is to analyze the strawberry seedlings of the first generation F1. The received hybrid seedlings were divided into three phenotypic classes: white, pink and pale pink in the ratio 8: 8:13. The appearance of the first generation of hybrid seedlings with different colour of the flower shows that the parental strawberry forms have geterzigotic status of alleles on this trait. Proceeding from the results of our study, the combination in one seedling genotype of two dominant alleles A1 and A2 defines the pink flower colour; the combination of dominant alleles A1 and A3 and A2 and A3 defines the pale pink colour. Analysis of the received first strawberry generation of seedlings showed the variability of the flower color from pale pink to pink. The intensity of the pink flower color depends on the number and combination of dominant alleles in one genotype.