Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Apricot and peach are very valuable food products, especially apricot, which contains not only sugars, but also a large amount of carotene (up to 16 mg/100 g), phosphorus � 23 mg/kg and potassium � 259 mg/kg. The fruit contains many phenolic compounds (ferulic, n-coumaric, chlorogenic, caffeic and other acids), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, isoquercitrin and others), vitamins A, B1, B2, PP, C, catechins, aromatic components. The stone contains amino acids, the enzyme emulsin, fatty oils, consisting of linoleic, oleic acids, glycerides. At the same time, there are practically no industrial plantings of these crops in Belarus. And one of the reasons is the lack of planting material that can guarantee the producers a stable yield. It is required to develop methods for express assessment of the compatibility of rootstocks and grafts. The article presents the results of a study of 24 graft-rootstock combinations of apricot and peach in a nursery (2019-2020) for a number of biochemical parameters characterizing the physiological state of plants and, as a consequence, the compatibility of the rootstock and graft at the stage of growing planting material in a fruit nursery. The content of RNA and DNA (using a set of reagents �ArtRNAminiSpin�) and their ratio for 4 clonal rootstocks and 24 graft-rootstock combinations of peach and apricot were determined, on the basis of which the coefficients of compatibility were calculated, which made it possible to distinguish three groups: good compatibility; medium compatibility; poor compatibility. The change in the content of chlorophyll and phenolic compounds in dynamics, the content of starch in the roots of annual seedlings, which is also an indicator of the interaction of graft-rootstock combinations, has been established.