Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The article considers the relevance of creating an electronic database of quality indicators of authentic red wines produced in the Krasnodar region. The database contains information on the physicochemical parameters of high-quality red wines produced in the Krasnodar region, of the following categories: wines with a protected geographical indication (PGI), with the designation of the region of production; wines with a protected appellation of origin (PAO), indicating the vineyard/small area of production (municipality, rural settlement); wines with the prospect of being registered as wines with PGI or PAO. Information about the producer, the name of the wine, the varietal composition of grapes and the year of harvest is presented. The physicochemical parameters of wines are represented by the mass concentration of inorganic cations (K+ , Na+ , Mg2+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl� , SO4 2- ) � obtained using the method of high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) on the �apel 105M device (Russia); microelements (Sr, Rb, Ti) using the method of atomic absorption spectroscopy on the Kvant.Z device (Russia); phenolic substances, including anthocyanins using the spectrometry method; as well as chromatic characteristics and their calculated indicators (intensity, shade, yellowness and color coordinates in the CIELab system). The proposed database contains empirical data obtained by scientists of the scientific center "Winemaking" and the Center for Collective Use of High-Tech Equipment of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW in 2020-2022. As a result of the research and development of a database of quality indicators of authentic red wines produced in the Krasnodar region, a certificate of state registration No. 2022620910 dated 04.21.2022 was obtained. The database i s intended for the accumulation, operational search, storage and analysis of information, and also creates the basis for the development of a quality control system for wine products with geographical affiliation

Annotation

The publication presents the results of a study aimed at assessment of introduced ultra � early-maturing forms of walnut according to such traits as fruit ripening time, plant habit, f ruit-bearing type, ratio of fruit setting from lateral and apical buds, number of fruits in nut cluster, fruit characteristics, including a number of biochemical parameters. Based on the results of the observation, it was concluded that there is a trait of restrained growth in all the studied samples. At the same time, the level of compactness of crown branching had insignificant differences. The degree of crown compactness in all samples, with the exception of sample 16-SI-6, is comparable to the Dachnyi variety. The indicated sample had a more compact crown close to spur. It was found that all the studied samples have a lateral type of fruit-bearing (from 50 to 8 0% of the fruits are formed on lateral shoots). It has been established that the formation of nut clusters with two or three fruits, which, along with lateral fruit-bearing, contributes to an increase in productivity potential. According to these features, all studied forms are sources of traits. Taking into account such characteristics as the yield of the kernel, color and its extractability, the following most promising samples can be determined: 16-SI-5, 16-SI-6, 16-SI-10, 16-T-1, 16-T-2. They are sources of a set of selection-valuable traits and can be used in breeding. Based on the data of biochemical analysis, a sample 16-SI-2was identified, which has an increased content of biologically active substances, as well as fats, which may be the basis for its use in breeding according to these traits. The forms 16-SI-6 and 16-T-1 can be further considered as candidates for the varieties most promising for use in the private sector.