Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

At the present stage of studying the genetic grape resources, the DNA profiles addit the traditional ampelographic descriptions, agrobiological and economic characteristics of varieties and serve as a basis for reliable identification of genotypes, therefore, in order to solve the priority tasks of vine breeding, it is necessary to mobilize and conserve the genetic resources, with the creation of an electronic database. Ampelographic collections are very important in the preservation and use of the gene grape pool, in these collections the work is constantly carried out to introduce varieties, to study of their agrobiological, phonological and economic features, to identify the promising ones from them, and to select the donors for use in breeding work in order to obtain the new competitive varieties. In the Anapa ampelographic collection with the participation of the laboratory of variety study and preservation of the grape gene pool of NCFSCHVW the DNA-certification of grape varieties is carried out, a collection database has been created. Among the features of the software platform there is the search for samples in the database for a number of parameters, displaying a common list of samples and displaying the detailed information for each variety separately. Services for calculating and analyzing of agro-biological and phenological observations data, analyzing the safety of buds after wintering of plants according to bushplaces in an ampelocollection have been realized. The DNA certification was carried out for the grape varieties of AZESVW breeding � the branch of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW (10 varieties), the varieties of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW (9 varieties) and 4 well-known European varieties, which will be integrated into a united database. The obtained DNA-passports of varieties in practice can be effectively applied to determine the clean varieties in the planting material and in the grapes orchards, to define the parental forms of the sample, as well as in the disputed questions of the variety authorship.

Annotation

As a result of long-term observations on the Anapa ampelographic collection, a comparatively large group of white tech-nical varieties of grapes was singled out for indicators of productivity, resistance to diseases and pests, and the quality of the wine products obtained. Periodically recurring abrupt changes in abiotic factors made it possible to more strictly assess the possibilities of varieties of grapes of various origins and assess their frost resistance, drought re-sistance and productivity under abiotic stress conditions. The grape varieties were studied in a grafted open culture, on the rootstock of Berlandieri x Riparia Kober 5BB. Formation � spiral cordon �Z�S-1. The planting scheme is 3.5 x 2.0 m. The cultivation technology is generally accepted for the Southern zone of industrial viticulture in the Russian Federation. The indicators of the bush load, fruitfulness, growth vigor and the degree of ripening of annual shoots are determined according to well known methods and methodological recommendations. In the period from 2001 to 2010, Arabaklo, Bakator white, Golden Autumn and Pollux were identified as promising for introduction into production and use in breeding as sources of a number of economically valuable traits. The article describes the descriptions and characteristics of these grape varieties in comparison with the standard � the classic French Aligotte, obtained as a result of observations on the Anapa am-phelographic collection in the period from 2007 to 2017. Technical varieties of Araboublo, Bakator white, Golden Autumn and Pollux should be recommended for industrial use, which will expand the boundaries of sustainable grape production in the region. Varieties of Araboublo, Bakator white and Golden Autumn, as representatives of the species Vitis vinifera, can be used in breeding as sources of frost and drought resistance for the production of high-quality complex-resistant varieties of grapes.