Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

On the basis of collaborative research by scientists in Russia and Kazakhstan new efficient plant growth regulators were allocated, the use of which ensures high profitability of production of seedlings of fruit crops and grapes.

Annotation

One means of intensification of production of planting material is induction of growth corrective effects using bioeffective drugs � growth regulators. Objects of study of bioeffective drugs influence on the growth corrective effects were grapes cuttings of technical Aligote variety grafted on Kober 5BB rootstock. As plant growth regulators were preparations obtained in JSC "Institute of Chemical Sciences named A.B. Bekturov" under the code AES-17 and KN-2 and DEB-41. The experiment was divided into two phases. As a result of analysis of all the dates of the first phases were identified three most effective variants of the experiment: AES-17 conc. 1, KN-2 conc. 1 and DEB -41 conc. 3. According to the results of the second phase , it was found that the level of profitability of the best results have options: KN-2 conc. 1 with level of profitability - 157.1 % and DEB -41 conc. 3 with levels of profitability - 134.2 %. These indexes exceeds the level of profitability of the control group on 31.3% and 8.4 %, respectively. It was found that the use of preparation KH 2 conc. 1, in the step before waxing of grafted cuttings, not only increases the yield of grafted grapes seedlings from nursery by 9.6%, but also increases the profitability up to 157.1 %, which is 31.3 % higher than in the control variant. Qualitative indicators of the grown-up saplings in option with preparation KN-2 application, exceeded the indicators of control option. Accounting of development of annual shoots showed that in KN-2 option has the greatest development of shoots which exceeds the control data on 6,7 cm. On qualitative indicators of soldering the most effective options of experience are the next: KN-2 conc. 1, and DEB-41 conc. 3 � 91,9% and 91,7% respectively.

Annotation

The analytical overview of world experience of use of introscopic methods of research applied in the agricultural biology and the food industry are given in the materials of article. The aspects of application of introscopic testing in the various areas of science and the development history of the introscopic researches of agricultural plants in the our country and abroad are shortly described. The results of the most significant and interesting research with use of radiographic methods, and also results of modern research of the last decade of foreign research with use of methods of computer and magnetic-resonance tomography are given. The domestic experience and progress of use of methods and means of a nondestructive testing in our country are discussed. It is noted that the carried-out analysis shows the insufficient development of similar research in our country which, at the moment, are limited only to use of a microfocal X-ray analysis. Current situation is explained by the high cost of the research equipment, low qualification of employers, insufficient amount of information about the existing prospects of this research. The conclusion becomes that in domestic agricultural biology it is necessary to expand the range of research works with application of introscopic methods, but it is necessary to define accurately the purposes and the tasks for carrying out the scientific research not to discredit this important and perspective direction.

Annotation

The results of study of paraffin mixes, with different concentrations of plant growth regulators using, before stratification of grafted grapes cuttings is given. The most cost-effective and least resource-saving versions are determined.

Annotation

The materials of long-term work on the study of the effect of drugs on the induction of growth-correcting effects for rootstock cuttings are presented. The research was carried out in Anapa-Taman area on the rootstock uterine plantation and the new plantation of AF �Uyzhnaya� of the Temryuk District of the Krasnodar Region, in the Center of Collective Use of FSCHVW (Krasnodar) and in the laboratory of nursery and quality control of Anapa ZESV&W. The task of the research is to find out the effect of plant nutrients in foliar top dressing the growth and development of cuttings as well as the dynamics of the processes of growth and development of grape saplings. The object of the study were the uterine rootstock plantings of the Kober 5BB variety, as well as grafted cuttings and saplings of the technical Aligote variety grafted on the Kober 5BB rootstock. As preparations were used: complex organic-mineral fertilizer and forth preparation with Zn, B, Fe, Cu apart. According to the set of regenerative activity indicators, the most effective drug for inducing the growth-correcting effects is �the variant of Boron�, under the influence of which the objects of the study have the greatest indicators of shoots and roots development. This variant is better taking account the indexes of survival and getting of seedlings from the uterine grape plantations. Using the method of microfocus radiography, it was possible to establish that, on average, 90 % of seedlings have adhesions of grafted components without anomalies in all variants of experiment, which indicates the high quality of the obtained grafted saplings. The effective impact of bioeffective drugs the callus formation, the development of grafted cuttings in the first plantations, and the yield of grafted grape saplings is confirmed.