Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In connection with the intensification of horticulture, as well as the relevance of the issue of import substitution, the issue of creating potentially high-yielding varieties of walnuts that can realize their biological productivity potential in the conditions of the North Caucasus is becoming increasingly important, since not only high yield capacity and valuable characteristics of fruits, but also, the increased adaptability to the specific environmental conditions of the region. At the same time, the signs of fruit quality still have one of the key values for the competitiveness of the variety. The article presents the results of research on the search for promising forms of walnut. In the course of expedition trips in order to select promising forms of walnut, valuable samples were identified, in which the lateral type of fruiting and a complex of economically valuable characteristics of the fruit were noted. In general, all 16 selected walnut forms are valuable for breeding programs for various characteristics (type of fruiting, yield capacity, large-fruitedness, important economically valuable fruit traits). Sample Nj-4 has a level of fruit setting on lateral shoots up to 80 %, which suggests the prospect of its use for breeding purposes for this trait. Forms Krd-2, Krd-3, Ps-13, Din-5, Din-10 can be considered promising in terms of the complex of phenotypic characteristics of fruits. These sampleshave a percentage of kernel yield, with the exception of Krd-3 (43.0 %), more than 50 %, good kernel extraction, kernel completion and can be used in breeding work as sources of economically valuable traits.