Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Construction of plantings, forming of crown
It was established that in cases of seasonal hail damage caused to grapevine rootlings in a field nursery, it is possible to recover Chardonnay and Mavrud varieties grafted on rootstocks 1103 Paulsen and Berlandieri x Riparia SO4, by very short pruning of the spurs with green shoots during the vegetation period between 20 June and July 30
DEGREE OF ACTION OF DAMAGE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DEPENDING ON CONSTRUCTION OF INTENSE APPLE ORCHARDS
The article presents the results of studying of damage factors effect on the state and productivity of apple plants depending on variety, the crown formation system and density of planting into intensive orchards in the south of Russia.
The results of study of efficiency of regulative mthodes of crown lightning and stereo metric parameters of various crowns structure of dwarf apple-tree in the intensive plantations in southern Russia
When the intensive fruit orchards technology with dense placing of trees is working out the great important has the increasing of coefficient of use of solar radiation by plants, the same as the complex of agritechnical steps. Under conditions of dense garden as compared with rare field placement the apple-trees take less light. We studied the light regime of crones of Goldrush apple-trees at the different orchard constructions. The researches are made in accordance with well-known methods for fruit cultures. It is established that the light regime at the studied construction of Goldrush apple-trees orchards is not the limiting factor for fruit yield formation but the most important factor is used rootstock-varieties combinations. The bigger fruit yield capacity from hectare and total yield capacity of fruiting period is observed in the apple-trees orchards on the half dwarf M7 rootstock and on the middle growing MM106 rootstock on third year of trees fructification.
Means of an agritechnology through the structure of planting and architecture of grapes bushes it is possible to reach the maximum ensuring of plants productivity depending on a complex of natural conditions: ensuring of the photosynthetic active radiation (FAR), water, mineral food etc. It is possible to make it by means of active optimization of process of a crop formation when all agric means are submitted to the main purpose use of FAR energy with the highest efficiency. The information about parameters of crown and efficiency of physiological indicators of grapes bush is presented in the article. The assessment of realization of potential of efficiency of used Aligote, Aligote-clone and Paponovsky grapes under the influence of technologys elements is served as the object of research. Parameters of a bush crowns and absorption of FAR energy and their use on creation of organic production were studied. The standard techniques in the wine growing are used for determining of physiological indicators of productivity. In the course of research and analysis of photosynthetic activity of grapes plants the search of communications of parameters of bush crowns with the level of planned harvest is conducted.