Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The results of 2023 research on the development of methods for managing the stability of fruit agrocenoses with rational land use are presented. The objects of research are orchard agrobiocenoses under various cultivation conditions. The work used methodological approaches and original techniques developed by the research team. Methods and elements of technologies for increasing the resistance of fruit agrocenoses to a complex of factors with biologized approaches for controlling the development of pathogens and pests, rational formation of the crowns of fruit crops of domestic varieties against the background of the application of biostimulants, techniques for rationing high-quality fruit yield, optimized approaches for optimizing plant nutrition and reproducing soil fertility in biocenotic and molecular levels were developed. The obtained results of scientific research of a fundamental and applied nature are associated with the identification of patterns and disclosure of mechanisms for the formation of the productivity of fruit crops in changing cultivation conditions and create a methodological basis for the development of new elements of technologies for managing the productivity of orchard cenoses, systems for monitoring the resource potential of soils to provide the population with quality products while preserving the environment. New knowledge about the patterns of influence of rootstock genotype on the realization of the production potential of various scion-rootstock combinations of the genus Malus Mill. under conditions of different planting densities, will allow, through the use of the most productive scion-rootstock combinations, to significantly increase the productivity of plantings, make the most efficient use of the garden area, and significantly accelerate the onset of marketable fruiting. New knowledge about the patterns of influence of certain limiting parameters of the soil cover on the condition and productivity of scion-rootstock combinations of fruit crops will be used to develop optimal parameters for assessing the horticultural suitability of soils. The identified features of frost resistance of various pear varieties in terms of the degree of stability of their flower buds under changing weather conditions in different phases of the winter-spring period are the basis for optimizing the placement of pear crops in the North Caucasus zone.