Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Nenko Natalia
Articles in journal: (total 33)
In the conditions of summer period of Anapa city the grapes of the early maturity Crystal, Bianca; middle term maturing Barhatnyy and late Cabernet Sauvignon are heat-resistant due to the resistance of cellular membranes to the destruction and the plasma of cells to the dehydration.
The results of research of biologically active substances influence, such as: Mival-Agro, gibbersib, "Krasnodar-1", furolan, "Universalnyi", Scaweead Mix., Stimolarte 66, Spruhdunger tipo 2, Spruhdunger tipo 27) on the yield of qualitative planting stone rootstocks VSL-2, Eurika 99, AP-1 are presented
The main objective of the conducted research the identification of the impact of fruit plantations construction on apple photosynthetic activity and productivity by using the physiological and biochemical, anatomical and morphological indices of foliages. With increasing of trees density in the garden the photosynthesis productivity decreases and the process of flower buds formation restrains. The features of the photosynthetic activity of Zarnitsa, Dean Art, Idared, Simirenkovets apple varieties on the SC3 stocks with various planting construction of intensive type is studied. The researches were conducted on the basis of fruit plantations of Institutes experimental farm with using of standard methods of research. Based on the study of the complex of physiological and biochemical parameters of plants and anatomical and morphological traits of the leaf the optimum construction of plantings of intensive type for studied apple-tree varieties are established. The construction of fruit plantations with planting scheme 4 x 1.2 with spindle forming of crown has a higher efficiency of the photosynthetic activity and productivity. Selecting of the optimal system forming in the orchard with dense placement of apple trees allows to increase the fruits yield of Simirenkovets variety on 46.8% and Dean Art variety on 67.3%.
The contents of protein, free amino acids and proline in the apple-trees shoots of various winter resistance are defined. In a winter period at low temperatures the contens of proteins and proline increase in winter steady varieties. Low contents of proline in the bark and its powerfull lowering after freesing is tipically for low steady apple-trees varieties.
In the conditions of Anapo-Taman area of Krasnodar region the vine varieties of different species and ecological-geographical origin sources of drought-and heat resistance are allocated. The part of impact of origin vine varieties on drought resistance and yield capacity of vine are ectablished.