Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In 2016-2021, in the Krasnodar region, in the conditions of the Taman soil district (central region of the steppe zone, southern chernozems (chestnut), Temryuk district), the influence of biomineral fertilizers of special compositions on the main productivity indicators of table grape varieties Augustine and Moldova was studied. Fertilizers were applied by the nonroot method in the form of aqueous solutions, in accordance with the developed regulations. The research methodology was developed in accordance with the regulation on the relationship of abiotic factors and the effectiveness of fertilizers. In this regard, the research program assumed the analysis of edaphic factors, accounting and registration of the dynamics of temperature extremes, which revealed the uniformity of soil conditions of experimental sites and significant fluctuations of hydrothermal factors. The solution of research tasks was carried out with the help of one-factor field trial. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, depending on the amount of precipitation and fertilizers used, the number of fruiting shoots and inflorescences was formed, significantly exceeding the indicators in the control version (without fertilizers). Higher productivity of shoots per unit area of planting was revealed. Top dressing contributed to a significant increase in the bunch weight of grapes, mainly due to an increase in its density. The sugar content in grape juice increased by 7.3-17.3 %, depending on the variety. In 2016-2018, when using special complexes of nutrient salts of various brands with preparations containing Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and amino acids, the economic yield capacity of grapes was higher in comparison with the control variant. In 2019-2021, against the background of the use of the adaptogen �Normat L�, the yield capacity of grapes exceeded the value of the indicator in the control variant by 38.4-38.6 % (Augustine variety) and 24.0-40.9 % (Moldova variety). The experimental data obtained characterize the application of biomineral fertilizers by the nonroot method as a sufficiently justified way to control the production process and the quality of the grape yield.