Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
General agrotechnics (systems, technology)
It is shown that dwarf orchard on the rootstock M9, planted seedlings knip-baum, comes into fructification in the second year, and the apple crop in total for the second and third years reach-es 40-45 t/ha or more, and the costs for planting and care are in the main recovered.
The recent years nalysis of intensive horticulture development of the south of Russia is given in the article. The influence of stressful weather factors on yield and commodity quality of fruits is studied. Basic agrotechnological methods that have influence on formation of productivity of fruit plants are analyzed.
The basic principles and science-based me-thods for the formation of stable ampelocenosis on the criterions of fruiting stability, on the level of realization of the potential of economic productivity, the quality of product and duration of exploitation of plantations are presented.
The observational data for the reaction of grapes in the different periods of organogenesis on abiotic stress such as critical temperature, storm precipitation, hail are presented. Character of damages, prevention and technological measures to reduce the negative effects of stress are spe-cified.
Technological trends and tendencies of development of modern intensive horticulture such as poor growth rootstocks, compacted placement of fruit trees and high-quality planting material are analyzed in the article on the basis of literature sources