Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
The results of physiological and biochemical studies frost-resistant of grape varieties are presented in the article in natu-ral and simulated environments. Ranges of variation of the Optima biochemical parameter of frost resistance (in the state of deep and compelled rest), allowed grape varieties such as Crystal, Krasnostop, AZOS, Dostoyniy to survive in extreme winter conditions of Anapa-Taman region, are established in result of study of stress factors influence of winter period on bio-chemical composition of plant organs of highly resistant to low temperatures grape varieties.
The estimation of productivity and fruits quality of the apples elite forms of NCSRIMFG breeding is given. The hybrid forms with high productivity and fruits quality, with the genome of resistance to scab are allocated and recommended for breeding and expansion of the apple regional assortment.
The first principles and approaches to evaluation of generative sweet cherry potential are shown. The method of determination of potential productivity of sweet cherry varieties is offered.
The method of ecological and genetic evaluation of fruit cultures adaptability, that takes into consideration the genetic diversity and individual features of varieties reaction on the meteorological factors of environment in the various periods of development, is presented.
The new apples genotypes combining the high quality of fruits with stability to abiotic and biotic stress-factors of environment are allocated on the basis of selection on a phenotype in the combination with identification of target signs by method of molecular DNA marking and biochemical methods of research.