Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Influence of the higher doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on a mineral nutrition, growth, development and fructification of different varieties of columnar apple tree on the sod-podzolic soils in the central zone of gardening of the Russian Federation is studied.
As a result of study of a nutritious mode of dwarf fructifying plum of Stenley variety the influence of system of application of fertilizers and biologically active substances on productivity of plants in the Krasnodar region conditions is established.
The advantages of using weed plants (grasses of the local flora) for sodding between rows of garden, as compared with the seeded perennial cereal grasses, are revealed. Increase of content of humus and nutrients, the greatest stocks of the microbial pool, high indicators of stability and well-being of the soil community are marked under natural grass.
The analysis of the known methods of the soil maintenance between rows of perennial plantations is given. It is shown that the mulch layer of herbaceous plants weighed down retains moisture in the soil; reduces the energy and labor costs, erosion and soil compaction by machines; provides a natural process of reproduction of soil fertility.
It is shown, that scientific and practical data of eco-toxicological monitoring allow to analyze and base of the optimal parameters of agrotechnologes of biorelaxation of vineyard technogenic pollution on the basis of restoration of soil homeostasis.